Guy Windsor

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Archives for October 2017

Sharpen the saw. Or sword.

October 27, 2017 by Guy Windsor 1 Comment


Time spent sharpening is never wasted.

A couple of weeks ago I helped a friend to lay a nice oak wooden floor. This entailed lots of standing up and bending over, and I’m delighted to say that I felt it in my legs the next day, but not in my back at all. Ergonomics for the win! We did have a chop saw available (a kind of power saw, very fast, very noisy, very dangerous), but I had brought along a beautiful old handsaw. I bought the saw about 20 years ago in a car boot sale for, I think, 50p. Once it was sharpened up, oh my. It might look old and black, but it cuts like a dream, and we laid two floors using only that for cutting the planks.

It gets blunt after an hour or so of slicing through solid oak, so every now and then we’d stop for a couple of minutes, and I’d sharpen it. The title of this post is NOT A METAPHOR!

Or rather, not just a metaphor. Time spent sharpening is never wasted. If I have a lot of conflicting demands on my time, and need to sort through a lot of priorities, I’m more likely to spend 20 minutes meditating first to clear the clutter. Then a job that might haven taken two hours of frustration gets done in half an hour.

If I am piling through a difficult bit of editing and it’s all going really well, I’m more likely to stop every hour or so and do some pull-ups.

There are a few different ways to sharpen a handsaw, but there are hundreds of options for sharpening your virtual, metaphorical, saw. My top sharpening techniques are: 1) meditation. 2) exercise. 3) get out and do something completely different.

Any decent craftsman will keep their tools sharp with regular maintenance (touching up an edge), and the occasional intervention (completely re-shaping an edge). It’s the maintenance that really makes the difference though.

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Filed Under: Lifestyle

You will never be ready.

October 20, 2017 by Guy Windsor Leave a Comment

You will never be ready. If you wait until you feel ready to be a parent, or change careers, or take up swordsmanship (I had to sneak that in somewhere), or attend your first event, or write your first book, then you will never do it. In any area worth considering, you become ready by doing it. Of course you should prepare: do the research, do the training, acquire the equipment for whatever the challenge may be, but very often none of that actually makes you feel ready.

You become ready by showing up, and doing your best. This is true in every area. These days, I think I’m a reasonably competent parent. The fact that my kids would often disagree just proves the point. But when that first squalling little scrap of perfection entered the world? We weren’t ready, but we didn’t care, because we wanted it too much to wait.

I certainly wasn’t ready to open a school of swordsmanship in 2001. Looking back, I think my skills and experience became adequate in about 2006. But if I hadn’t done it anyway, then I would never have developed those skills or experience.

I wasn’t ready to write a book when I started trying in 2000. My first book came out in 2004, ready or not.

I wasn’t ready to hand my school over to the students when I did that in 2015.

I wonder what else I’m not ready for that I should be doing anyway?

Just a thought.

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Why am I getting so many damn emails?

October 13, 2017 by Guy Windsor 2 Comments

Once upon a time in Fairy Land, a chap produced something cool, and told all his friends just once. Everyone who was interested went out and bought it straight away, and they all lived happily ever after.

But in the real world, what happens when you send out one product launch email telling your mailing list (made up exclusively of people interested in the work that you do) is this:

A lovely big spike, and then nothing. This graph shows the initial launch of my online Medieval Dagger course in December 2016, which had a 50% discount time-limited for a week. I knew the courses could do better, so I needed to work on selling them, not just making them. That’s not my area of expertise so I went looking for help.

I’m a quiet fan of Naomi Dunford who runs Ittybiz, a marketing consultancy for small companies and creatives. She has produced a set of email templates for launching products to your email list, and I bought them for about $35 (if I recall). The templates offer several different models for creating a launch sequence, and I picked the simplest: one warm-up to the list, followed by a sequence of 6 emails. When I launched my longsword course in June, I kept the offer the same (50% off) and time limited (expires on Wednesday!). Here’s what happened:

To put that into perspective, the initial first-day spike on this graph accounts for 18.3% of the total. In other words, it is very probable that the 6 email sequence multiplied sales by 500%. In case you were wondering whether this is down to the product itself being more attractive, well, here’s what happened when I re-launched the dagger course a couple of weeks ago:

The main differences were: I wrote two blog posts about dagger training (not directly anything to do with the course, but to hopefully get people interested in Fiore’s dagger material), and I also sent out a special, bigger discount to the folk who had bought the longsword course (just one email though, indicated by the blue arrow). This converted very well; 23% of the people on that list bought the new course. That accounts for the ramp leading up to the first spike, and probably to a blunting of the first spike by spreading it over two days.

As you can see, the pattern is almost identical. Using sequences clearly works, and using a template from an expert like Naomi makes it easy to create them. I really would not have known how to do it, but with the templates, writing that first sequence took me a morning. I sent a draft of this post to Naomi as a matter of courtesy, and she replied very pleased, and included a 50% discount coupon (which is a Princess Bride reference: see why I like her?) for the complete marketing template pack which includes the templates I used and a ton of others. The pack is here; use the code MONTOYA to get the discount.

The major cost to these sequences of course is that too many selling emails can annoy the people on the list. This launch cost me exactly 49 subscribers out of a total of a bit over 4300. At the end of the day, running a list costs money; I pay about $80 a month for the service that I use (the awesome Convertkit). While it’s perfectly ok for people to join the list and get all sorts of free stuff, it’s the people that buy my books and courses that make the list sustainable. If there are people on the list who don’t understand that, or simply find too many emails offering products to be an annoyance, they can unsubscribe and, from a financial perspective, it’s probably no loss; they are unlikely to buy anything anyway; and they can always come back. The bigger the list the more it costs to run, so I don’t mind losing a few. Incidentally, when I was checking my unsubscribes a while ago, I noticed that a good friend of mine had unsubscribed. We are godfathers to each others’ first-born children, but he had unsubscribed. Which simply meant he didn’t want my list emails in his inbox; he still answers my calls to help when my website has a kitten, and unsubscribing means precisely nothing to our actual real-world relationship. One of the hardest things to learn about running a list is to not take unsubscribes personally, so long as they stay at a small proportion of the list size. People even unsubscribe when I’m giving away awesome free images of really cool rare fencing treatises like this one; it just means that they don’t want more emails, not that they hate you.

So there you have it. If you were wondering why people send you more than one email selling you the same thing, this is why. It works. The only way that’s going to stop is if we all move to Fairy Land, and buy the things we’re interested in after being told about them only once!

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Filed Under: Books and Writing

The Secrets of the Sword Alone: Henri Sainct Didier returns!

October 11, 2017 by Guy Windsor Leave a Comment

I am delighted to announce that Henry Sainct Didier’s beautiful and comprehensive treatise from 1573, Traicté contenant les secrets du premier livre sur l’éspée seule (Treatise containing the secrets of the first book on the sword alone), is ready for you to download in full colour (at 670mb). The book is lavishly illustrated with 64 woodcuts showing sword techniques, being demonstrated by a Lieutenant and a Prevost. This is the earliest known treatise printed in French, and it is exceptionally rare: there are only 11 genuine copies known. Please click on the link below to get your copy.

 

You are welcome to the RAW image files too (at about 25mb per image), just contact me and I’ll arrange to share them with you. The book is free, but you are welcome to drop some money into the (virtual) tin; once the book has raised enough money to pay for production costs, we will gladly produce an affordable printed facsimile. Please note that this book is in French!


I want this book!

You can also get a translation into English by Chris Slee from Amazon. (I haven’t read it, but I’ve heard good things.)

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Another medieval mystery: the three turns of the sword…

October 6, 2017 by Guy Windsor 1 Comment

The elusive three turns of the sword…

One of the key skills in research is being able to judge when you have sufficient data to form a tentative conclusion, or a firm conclusion that’s open to revision, or case-closed no point discussing it any more certainty. This last case is relatively rare, but it does exist: nobody seriously doubts that King George VI preceded Elizabeth II on the throne of the UK, or that Wellington beat Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. But when it comes to the details of sword actions, well…

Recreating historical swordsmanship from historical sources offers an abundance of data (the contents of the treatises we study), but very often there are details missing, or certain terms remain entirely undefined. There is a classic example of this in Il Fior di Battaglia, in which Fiore describes the ‘three turns’ in footwork, and goes on to say that there are three turns of the sword. This topic was recently revived on Facebook by the excellent Michael Chidester (founder of the awesome wiktenauer.com), which resulted in a lot of discussion, and a lot of theorising. It was brought to my attention by Mateusz Przygoda; I’ll get on to his theory in a moment, let’s have a look at the data first.

Let’s start with the Italian. I’ve reproduced the whole section, with the relevant part in bold. The transcriptions I’m using here are from the extremely useful concordance of the Fiorean manuscripts, The Flower of Battle of Master Fiore Friulano de’i Liberi Volume II, ed. Michael Chidester. (I have checked all extant versions of the treatise, and am using only the Getty ms as my reference because they all agree, insofar as they mention these turns at all).

[22r-a] Noy semo doi guardie una sì fatta che l’altra, e una è contraria de l’altra. E zaschuna altra guardia in l’arte una simile de l’altra si è contrario salvo le guardie che stano in punta zoé posta lunga e breve e meza porta di ferro che punta per punta la più lunga fa offesa inançi. E zò che pò fare una pò far l’altra. E zaschuna guardia pò fare volta stabile e meza volta. Volta stabile si è che stando fermo po’ zugar denunci e di dredo de una parte. Meza volta si è quando uno fa un passo inanzi o indredo e chossì po’ zugare de l’altra parte denanzi e di dredo. Tutta volta si è quando uno va intorno uno pe’ cum l’altro pe’ l’uno staga ferma e l’altro lo circondi. E perzò digo che la spada si ha tre movimenti zoé volta stabile, meza volta, e tutta volta. E queste guardie sono chiamate l’una e l’altra posta di donna. Anchora sono IV cose in l’arte zoé passare, tornare, acressere e discresse(re).

And in Tom Leoni’s translation:

We are two guards and we are alike but we are contrary to one-another. As with all other guards in this art, alike guards are contrary to one another, with the exception of the point guards (Posta Longa, Breve and mezza Porta di Ferro); with point guards, the most extended guard can reach the opponent first. Anyway, what one guard can do, its opposite also can. These guards can perform a volta stabile and a mezza volta. A volta stabile lets you play forward or backward (from one side only), without moving your feet. A mezza volta is when you pass forward or backward, letting you play on the opposite side forward or backward respectively. A tutta volta is when you use one foot to describe a circle around the other foot; in other words, one foot stays in place, the other circles around it. The sword also has three kinds of movements: volta stabile, mezza volta and tutta volta. These two guards are both called Posta di Donna. There are four more concepts in this art: pass forward, pass backwards, extension of the front foot (step forward) and withdrawal of the front foot (step back).

I think we can agree that the instructions for the footwork turns are admirably clear. I’ve put my interpretation of these instructions online in many places, not least here:

So how about those turns of the sword then? Surely Fiore repeatedly uses these terms in the texts that go with the various plays? Um, no. Not once, at all. A thorough search of the treatise does yield many uses of the term ‘volta’ or ‘voltare’, but not in the sense of a specific turning of the sword. The closest is on 25r

Io t’ò posta una punta in lo volto come lo magistro ch’è denanci dise. Anchora porìa aver fatto zò ch’ello dise zoè aver tratto de mia spada subito quando io era appresso lo incrosare della parte dritta: de l’altra parte zoè d’la stancha io debeva voltare la mia spada in lo fendente per la testa e per gli brazzi, como à ditto lo mio magistro ch’è denanzi.

But this line just says: “I must immediately turn my sword in the fendente”, or as Tom puts it: “turn a fendente”.

In the famous 8th play of the master of coda longa on horseback, f44v, he says:

Questo si è lo ottavo zogho ch’è contrario di tutti gli zoghi che mi sono denançi, e maximamente delli zoghi de spada a cavallo e delli lor magistri che sono in guardia d’coda longa. Che quando li magistri o scolari stano in la ditta guardia, e io gli t(i)ro una punta o altro colpo, e subito elli me rebatteno o taglio o punta che faza. quando elli me rebateno subito e io dò volta ala mia spada e cum lo pomo mio, io gli fiero in lo volto. E poy passo cum la mia coverta presta e cum lo riverso tondo gli fiero dredo la testa.

This is the eighth play, which counters all the plays before this — especially those of mounted sword and their Masters in Coda Lunga. When the Masters or students are in this guard, I attack them with a thrust or other blow, they will try to parry. So when I deliver a thrust or other blow, I quickly turn my sword and strike them in the face with the pommel. Then I pass with my quick cover and strike the back of their head with a riverso tondo.

But there is no indication of whether that turn is full, half, or stable!

The counter to this play is also a turn and pommel strike, which is described like so:

Lo nono son che façço contra lo contrario che m’è denançi, che quando ello dà volta ala sua spada, subito lo mio mantenir metto come voy vedete depento che cum lo pomo in lo volto non me pò ferir, e s’io levo la spada in erto, e dello riverso io piglio volta, ben poria esser che la spada ti saria tolta. E si quello mi falla che io non lo faza, dello riverso dela spada ti darò in la faza overo de lo pomo te ferirò in la testa tanto farò mia volta presta. Qui finisse lo zogho a cavallo de spada a spada. Chi più ne sa men dia una bona derada.

I am the ninth play, and counter the play that we just saw. As the opponent turns his sword, I place my handle as depicted and the pommel won’t strike me. If I lift my sword and turn a riverso, the opponent could lose his sword.  If this doesn’t work or if I don’t do it, I can strike the opponent’s face with a riverso or his head with my pommel, since the turn of my sword will be very quick. With this ends the play of mounted sword against sword. If you know any more, give me a good portion of your wisdom.

Again, great stuff and very useful, but the turn is not defined in any way.

The rest are generic uses of “turn”, which I’ll cover briefly here for the benefit of my readers who don’t know Italian. Such as on 27r (Anchora quando io ò rebatuda la la punta o vero che sia incrosado cum uno zugadore gli metto la mia mane dredo al suo cubito dritto e penzolo forte per modo che io lo farò voltare e discoprire, e poy lo fiero in quello voltare che io gli faço fare, “After beating the opponent’s point or crossing his sword, I place my hand behind his right elbow and lean strongly, causing him to turn and offer an opening. As he does so, I can strike him.”), or along the lines of what we find on f24r, regarding the boar’s tooth guard:

Questa si è dente di zengiaro però che dello zengiaro prende lo modo di ferire. Ello tra’ grandi punte per sotto man in fin al volto e no si move di passo e torna cum lo fendente zò per gli brazzi. E alchuna volta tra’ la ponta al volto e va cum la punta erta, e in quello zitar di punta ello acresse lo pe’ ch’è dinanzi subito e torna cum lo fendente per la testa e per gli brazzi e torna in sua guardia e subito zitta un’altra punta cum acresser di pe’ e ben se defende delo zogo stretto.

Tom’s translation:

This is Dente di Cinghiaro (Boar’s Tooth), since it learned its offences from the boar. It can deliver strong underhand thrusts all the way to the opponent’s face without stepping; it then comes back down with a fendente to the arms. Sometimes, it can deliver a thrust to the opponent’s face, point up, while quickly extending the front foot, and recover with a fendente to the head and arms; then it immediately delivers another thrust with the extension of the front foot. It defends well against the close play.

Incidentally, “volto” in the same sentence is “face”, and is not related to “volta”. Later on (on 24v, in the text for the “mezana dente di zenghiaro”), he uses ‘talvolta’ to mean ‘sometimes’ (guastagli la mano e talvolta la testa; destroy the hand or sometimes the face).

In the guard of coda longa with the pollax, he did go so far as to say:

[36r-a] Coda longa io son, contra posta de fenestra voglio fare de tutto tempo posso ferire. E cum mio colpo di fendente ogni azza e spada in terra sbateria, e al zogo stretto forte me faria. Come voy troverete qui gli zoghi di dredo de guardagli a uno a uno che ven prego.

Tom translates this as:

I am the Coda Longa, against a Posta di Finestra, and I can strike at any time. One of my fendenti can beat any axe or sword to the ground, placing me in a strong position for close play. You will now see my plays; please be so kind as to examine them one by one.

As you can see, in Tom’s opinion at least, ‘tempo’ here is being used in its more general sense of ‘movement’. “Against fenestra I want to make all the actions I can do” is my more literal translation. It would be lovely if he was saying “against fenestra do a “tutto tempo” movement with the axe, but neither Tom nor I would read it that way.

And that’s it for data.

So here’s my conclusion:

THERE IS NOT ENOUGH DATA TO FORM A USEFUL OPINION.

Now, that is not to say that you can’t have a theory, and find that your theory creates all sorts of useful training scenarios, or leads you in useful directions regarding your physical practice. But to claim that any specific way of ‘doing the turns of the sword’ is supported by the treatise is simply nonsense. We don’t know, because Fiore doesn’t say. Until more data appears, speculating on what these three turns may be is just that, speculation. Personally, I try to limit the time I spend speculating with insufficient data, and instead apply the time to working with the problems for which there is enough data to form at least a tentative conclusion. It’s tempting to draw all sorts of cross references with (for example) Vadi’s mezzo tempo of the sword, or even with the much later Bolognese  sources that mention (as e.g. the Anonimo does) ‘half turns’ and ‘full turns’. But unless we know what Fiore meant by the terms, it’s impossible to compare them with their later incarnations.

Now back to Mateusz’ response to the discussion. In his message to me, he wrote:

I’ve got a Fiore question. There’s been a discussion on ‘Scholars of Fiore dei Liberi’ facebook group about the turning of the sword. People were posting their interpretations, mostly about different blade rotations, some of them seem to be really complicated concepts (or rather very specific movements with complicated descriptions).

However, in the manual Fiore explains the three Volte and then he says “Furthermore you should know that the sword can make the same three movements, namely stable turn, half turn and full turn”.

I was wondering if someone like Fiore would describe such complicated concepts (as people in this discussion were showing as their interpretations ) with so little explanation. He explains quite broadly the stepping and turning, is it possible that he has ignored the blade rotation? Because I can’t really see how I could apply his instruction about the body turns to the blade turns, it just doesn’t make much sense.

Therefore, I started to think that maybe he didn’t really mean any blade rotation at all. I think he might be just saying that the blade is supposed to move with the fencer when they do the turn. For example:

1. Volta Stabile from Posta di Donna. If I did the turn without moving the sword, its point would face upwards (as in the forward version). The manual shows the back-weighted version with the point down, so I have to move (or turn) my sword with me, so its position changes.

2. Mezza Volta from Posta Fenestra. If I did the turn with a step without moving the sword, it would end up on the same side as my front leg. The manual shows otherwise.

So could it be that this sentence about the sword doing the three Volte isn’t any secret message about the blade mechanics at all and is just a simple reminder that the sword should change its position when the fencer does one of the turns (which are quite clearly described)? It seems so obvious for HEMA practitioners, but might not be so obvious to someone not familiar with the guards from the manual. Like the two examples, I gave before. Plus, I’ve seen people trying to do Vom Tag on the right with the right foot forward to increase their range. So maybe Fiore didn’t want his scholars to do that. I can imagine a teacher or an instructor being like “Hey! Do Volta Stabile with your sword as well! And don’t put your heel on the ground! Aye, now it’s better”.

What do you think about it?

My short answer is:

Personally, I think it’s the best and most likely explanation of them all. But of course, it’s still speculation.

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Personal update: mental health

October 3, 2017 by Guy Windsor 4 Comments

Do you ever have days when it feels like you’re carrying an invisible anvil around with you? Probably. Most people do.

I’ve been going to a therapist for the last few weeks to try to sort out why I’ve been having irrational downswings. Everything in life is going splendidly, and yet I can sink into a weird funk for weeks at a time where my life’s work seems trivial, and pointless, and it’s only my deeply ingrained habits that keep me exercising and producing things. It’s normal to have a couple of days, or even a week, to recover after finishing a major project like a book, but when the urge to get doing again doesn’t reappear after several weeks, well, that’s not ok. I get grumpy with my wife and kids, and just can’t see the point of it all.

It’s probably related to the whole boarding school thing, and with being at the classic time of life where men get stupid, buy sports cars and shag their secretaries. The closest thing I have to a secretary is my virtual assistant, and she lives in Georgia (USA), so there no risk of that particular symptom, but still, this is not a healthy place to be. Though for the record, I’ve never been bothered at all by getting older, at least not consciously.

This is my first time going to therapy, paying a professional to listen to me blather. Probably because I have very very good friends, who listen to me blather for free! But even talking to them has not solved the problem of these downswings, so I thought I’d give this a try. The first insight from the first session was that I love a crisis; I can rise to it, and get shit done. If everything goes wrong, I’m actually happy. But when everything is going fine, that’s when the trouble starts. One solution to this is to manufacture crises, which is not a good response in the long term. Another is to bury myself in projects, which is again not great, as it pulls me away from my family.

But I’m not here to bang on about the specifics of my issues. The reason I’m writing this is really simple. There is a very silly belief in the wider world that there is something shameful, weak, or incompetent about getting help for a mind problem. As if your brain wasn’t an organ like your liver or your lungs. If my liver was not behaving as it should and I couldn’t fix it myself, I’d get a professional to take a look. Same thing with my mind.

I should also point out that I made my first appointment while I was feeling fine. You don’t have to be in the middle of an episode to take action. And I’m still fine; right now, I can see how lucky I am, and how well everything is going, and life is not only good, I can see that it is good. And if all goes well, today’s session will help keep things that way. So don’t wait for the storm to hit before you prepare for it.

I mentioned that I was going to therapy in my writing group, and one chap exclaimed “but Guy, you’re the sanest person I know!”. Leaving aside what that says about his social circle being madder than a box of frogs, the underlying assumption was that therapy is just for the the insane. It’s a common mistake, and is equivalent to thinking that you should only go to the doctor if the disease is acute and fatal.

So this post is for anyone out there who may find that the example of Jedi Master Guy the Living Sword God (as I am widely known) needing some help with his head and going and getting it makes it a bit easier for themselves to take the plunge. Seriously, chaps, you don’t have to suffer in silence. You can call a friend. You can call the Samaritans (phone 116 123 in the UK; 1 (800) 273-TALK in the USA, or google “samaritans”); readers please add contact details for similar services that work in your area in the comments below.

I’ll close by reminding you that I’m not a doctor, and even if I was, I’m not your doctor, so don’t get your mental health advice from a swordsman. Get it from a qualified practitioner. I hope this post was completely useless to you, because you’re fine through and through. But if not, then I hope it makes going and talking to someone that little bit easier.

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